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Why Neodymium Magnets Are So Strong?

Neodymium permanent magnet is widely used in the fields of electronics, electric machinery, medical equipment, toys, packaging, hardware machinery, aerospace, and aviation. The most common are the permanent magnet rotor, loudspeaker, magnetic separator, computer disk drive, magnetic resonance imaging equipment, and instruments. Neodymium magnets can be processed by Nano (Royce3010) chelate thin film coating, which can be used for 20 to 30 years in Marine climate conditions, and can be widely used in magnetic modules for wind power. Surface bond strength is more than 20 Mpa, and can be used widely in high-speed permanent magnet motors, special motors, electric car motors, ultra-high voltage, high voltage DC power supply systems, quick charging systems, the aerospace defense industry, and other fields.

wind powder

The Neodymium permanent magnet is based on the intermetallic compound Nd2Fe14B. The main components are rare earth element neodymium (Nd), iron (Fe), and boron (B). To obtain different performance, neodymium can be replaced by dysprosium (Dy), praseodymium (Pr), and other rare-earth metals, iron can also be replaced by cobalt (Co), aluminum (Al) and other metal parts, boron content is smaller, but it plays an important role to form a square crystal structure between the metal compounds, make compounds with high saturation magnetization, high uniaxial anisotropy, and high Curie temperature. The third generation of rare earth permanent magnet NdFeB is the most powerful permanent magnet in the current generation. Its main raw materials include neodymium 29%-32.5%, iron 63.95-68.65%, boron 1.1-1.2%, adding dysprosium 0.6-8%, niobium 0.3-0.5%, aluminum 0.3-0.5%, copper 0.05-0.15% and other elements. Each kind of product is divided into several brands according to the maximum magnetic energy product size: N35—N52, 35M—50M,30H—48H,30SH—45SH, 28UH—35UH,28EH—35EH. Sintered NdFeB permanent magnet material has excellent magnetic energy, widely used in the fields of electronics, electric machinery, medical equipment, toys, packaging, hardware machinery, aerospace, and aviation, and more common are permanent magnet motors, loudspeakers, magnetic separators, computer disk drive, magnetic resonance imaging equipment, and instruments.

Grade Remanence strength Coercivity HCJ BH( max) Working temperature( max)
Br mT bHc KA/m iHc KA/m (BH)max KJ/m3 Tw ℃
(KG) (kOe) (kOe) (MGOe)
N35 1170-1210 ≥868 ≥955 263-287 80
(11.7-12.1) (≥10.9) (≥12) (33-36)
N38 1210-1250 ≥899 ≥955 287-310 80
(12.1-12.5) (≥11.3) (≥12) (36-39)
N40 1250-1280 ≥923 ≥955 318-342 80
(12.5-12.8) (≥11.6) (≥12) (38-41)
N42 1280-1320 ≥923 ≥955 318-342 80
(12.8-13.2) (≥11.6) (≥12) (38-41)
N45 1320-1380 ≥876 ≥955 342-366 80
(13.2-13.8) (≥11.0) (≥12) (43-46)
N48 1380-1420 ≥835 ≥876 366-390 80
(13.8-14.2) (≥10.5) (≥11) (46-49)
N33H 1130-1170 ≥836 ≥1353 247-241 120
(11.3-11.7) (≥10.5) (≥17) (31-34)
N35H 1170-1210 ≥868 ≥1353 263-287 120
(11.7-12.1) (≥10.9) (≥17) (33-36)
N38H 1210-1250 ≥899 ≥1353 287-310 120
(12.1-12.5) (≥11.3) (≥17) (36-39)
N40H 1240-1280 ≥923 ≥1353 302-326 120
(12.4-12.8) (≥11.6) (≥17) (38-41)
N42H 1280-1320 ≥955 ≥1353 318-342 120
(12.8-13.2) (≥12.0) (≥17) (40-43)
N45H 1320-1360 ≥955 ≥1353 342-366 120
(13.2-13.6) (≥12.0) (≥17) (43-46)
N33SH 1130-1170 ≥844 ≥1592 247-272 150
(11.3-11.7) (≥10.6) (≥20) (31-34)
N35SH 1170-1210 ≥876 ≥1592 263-287 150
(11.7-12.1) (≥11.0) (≥20) (33-36)
N38SH 1210-1250 ≥907 ≥1592 287-310 150
(12.1-12.5) (≥11.4) (≥20) (36-39)
N40SH 1240-1280 ≥939 ≥1592 302-326 150
(12.4-12.8) (≥11.8) (≥20) (38-41)

NdFeB, also known as neodymium magnets, is a tetragonal crystal formed by neodymium, iron, and boron (Nd2Fe14B). Neodymium magnets were discovered in 1982 by Masato Sagawa of Sumitomo Special Metals. The magnetic energy accumulation (BHmax) of this magnet was greater than that of samarium and cobalt magnets and it was the largest amount of magnetic energy accumulated in the world at that time. Later, Sumitomo developed the powder metallurgy process successfully. General Motors has successfully developed the melt-spinning process, which can prepare neodymium magnets. The magnet is the strongest permanent magnet and the most commonly used rare earth magnet.

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About the author

Cathy Marchio

Cathy Marchio is an expert at Stanford Magnets, where she shares her deep knowledge of magnets like Neodymium and Samarium Cobalt. With a background in materials science, Cathy writes articles and guides that make complex topics easier to understand. She helps people learn about magnets and their uses in different industries, making her a key part of the company's success.

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